Protective Factor: Setting Clear Standards for Behavior

Would you be okay with your 11-year-old trying a sip of your wine at a special occasion? What about trying a vape with nicotine? What about drinking a beer with friends? For many of us it is easy to answer these questions when we are thinking about an 11-year-old. However, what if we asked these same questions about your 18-year-old. Do your answers change? In 2020 the Missouri Student Survey polled 474 students grades 6-12 right here in Butler County. 87.9% of the students surveyed said their parents feel it would be “wrong” or “very wrong” to smoke tobacco. Was your child one of those in the 87.9% that answered this way or were they a part of the 12.1% that did not believe their parents have a problem with them smoking tobacco.

 

As our children grow things change. While we may not be okay with our 3-year-old using the stove to prepare a meal, this could be normal and acceptable behavior for a 17-year-old. As caregivers it is important for us to recognize that our standards for behavior change as our children become more responsible and independent. It is also important for us to remember as caregivers that we cannot expect our children to know our standards for behavior if we are not clear about them ourselves. We need to have frequent conversations with our children about our expectation and be clear about how these change as they grow older.

 

One of the biggest and most influential protective factors we can give our children is setting clear standards for behavior. I want you to imagine for a moment that your child comes to you and asks you if they can play in the middle of the road near a busy intersection. Most caregivers would agree this is in no way acceptable behavior, and if your child asked your response might be something along the lines of “No, you could get hit by a car. It is not safe to play in the road.” Some caregivers may even go as far to set a healthy boundary. Perhaps something like “You can play inside the fence in the backyard.” This seems like common sense to most of us. We are not setting this standard to be mean parents we are sharing our standard with our children in an effort to keep them safe. I challenge you to apply this exact same form of thinking to substance use.

When we talk about substance use, sometimes it can be more challenging to talk about than playing in the road. It is possible that we aren’t clear ourselves on our standard, or possibly that we aren’t prepared to explain why we feel that way. When we talk to our children about substance use, we need to be clear on exactly what our expectation is. Does your child know how you feel about vaping nicotine? What about vaping substances without nicotine? What about hanging out with other kids who vape? It is important that you are able to share exactly how you feel about these situations, but also to explain WHY you feel that way.

I have come across many caregivers during workshops that are afraid to talk to their children about substance use because they use substances themselves. Maybe, they feel like their children won’t listen to them about not drinking alcohol because they frequently have a glass of wine with dinner. These can be extremely difficult conversations to have with our children, however avoiding the conversations doesn’t do anyone any favors. I encourage all caregivers to really examine your views and be willing to have open and honest conversations with our children. This includes talking about the fact that just because an adult uses substances doesn’t make it acceptable for a child to do the same. Perhaps your reasoning is that it is illegal for those under 21 to drink alcohol, or that at 17 their body is still developing, and alcohol can have much more harmful effects on developing bodies and minds. At the end of the day, we must recognize that favorable parental attitudes towards substance use is a risk factor that puts youth more at risk for using substances.

 

After you have spent some time reflecting on your expectations for your children regarding substances, I encourage you to write them down. Write the exact expectation for each child, along with a reason why you feel that way. Make sure you have a clear expectation about alcohol, marijuana, tobacco, and vaping. You can also include expectations about violence, stealing, lying, sex, prescription drugs, or any other risky behaviors. After you have reflected and written your expectations, use these expectations to have a conversation with the children in your life. Many caregivers have reported it is helpful to start out these conversations by talking about how much they love their children, and the kind of life they envision for them.

 

 If you need more help learning about ways to talk to your child about substances, I encourage you to visit "Talk. They Hear You."® Campaign | SAMHSA. Also, if you would like more information from the 2022 Missouri Student Survey about youth substance use in Butler County you can find that here. Butler County MSS 2022[7391].pdf

The SCIENCE of Substance Use Prevention

The SCIENCE of Prevention

 

“Am I doing this right?”

I’ve probably asked myself this questions hundreds or maybe even thousands of times and I have a feeling I’m not the only one. I find that I am constantly looking for reassurance from our children’s teachers, coaches, and medical professionals to confirm that my child is healthy, meeting all their developmental milestones, learning, and becoming the kind of person I wish them to be. However, when I work with families, I have found that one thing caregivers aren’t asking questions about is, “Am I doing all I can to prevent my child from using substances?” I feel like this is a question we afraid to ask because most of us are unsure of how to answer. Are there really things I can do to prevent my child from drinking alcohol, smoking marijuana, or using other drugs? Well luckily for us, research says YES! The good news is you’re probably already doing some of these things!

 

The Basics

A study conducted by Dr. Hawkins and Dr. Catalano in 1992 revealed that when they looked at youth who used substances and those who did not there were some very apparent patterns. These patterns were then identified as Risk and Protective Factors. Risk Factors were identified as factors in a child’s life that made them more likely to use substances. It was also noted that the more risk factors a child had the more likely they would be to use substances. Conversely, the researchers also identified Protective Factors, which did just the opposite. The more protective factors present in a child’s life the less likely they were to use substances.

So, here is where you come in. What can you do as a caregiver or community member to prevent substance use? It’s simple, REDUCE risk factors and INCREASE protective factors.

Throughout the course of this blog, we will be going in depth about various ways caregivers and community members can increase the protective factors and decrease risk factors in a child’s life. However, for those of you who simply cannot wait to learn more about risk and protective factors I have included a comprehensible list of the different risk and protective factors here. Risk and Protective Factors | Youth.gov

Now that we have introduced the concept of Risk and Protective Factors, I want you all to know that the first time I read this list I found myself in a panic. My child and many of the youth I work with have already experienced many of the risk factors listed, and while there may be some risk factors I can work to decrease, some of them are simply out of my control. I came across a concept during our Guiding Good Choices Parent Workshop that helped calm my fears. The Guiding Good Choices Parent Workshop teaches that it is important to remember that risk factors are “predictive” not “prescriptive”. Just because a child has one or even many risk factors present doesn’t mean that they will most definitely use substances. These risk factors are simply a predictor for youth who are at more risk of using substances. So, don’t panic. Even if your child or the youth you work with have many risk factors present in their lives you can still make a difference. As caregivers we can work to increase the number of protective factors regardless of the number of risk factors we feel we have working against us. The truth is, even though many of the risk factors remain out of our control, there are still MANY risk factors that we can do something about!

 

Where do we go from here?

Over the next several months, this blog will address many of the risk and protective factors, and what you can do as a caregiver to help. If you don’t feel like waiting and you feel that you need to learn more about risk and protective factors, I encourage you to contact the Butler County Community Resource Council and ask about the next Guiding Good Choices Parent Workshop. Guiding Good Choices is a 5 session Parent Workshop specifically designed for caregivers to prevent substance use among youth. Contact our Prevention Department to sign up for the next class! 573-776-7830.

 

Sources: @article{Hawkins1992RiskAP,  title={Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention.},author={J. David Hawkins and Richard F. Catalano and J Y Miller}, journal={Psychological bulletin},year={1992},volume={112 1}, pages={  64-105   }

Welcome & Introduction

Blog #1

Welcome & Introduction

 

Hello! My name is Abby Hanner, and I am the Certified Prevention Specialist for the Butler County We Can Be Drug Free Coalition. I would like to begin by welcoming you to our coalition website and thank you for taking the time to read our blog. I understand you are most likely here out of concern for your own child, a child in your life, or the community. I want you to know that the members of the We Can Be Drug Free Coalition share the same concerns and have made it our mission to work to prevent the potential harm of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs by empowering the youth in our community.

 

A Little About the Author

I have worked with children and youth for the past 10 years through coaching, teaching, being a child welfare advocate, and most recently through Prevention. I have a master’s degree in Education Administration and have been certified as a Missouri Prevention Specialist by the Missouri Credentialing Board. I also think it is important to note that I am a mother who has a passion to see her child grow up in a healthy community free from the harms of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

 

About the Coalition

The We Can Be Drug Free Coalition has been in existence for over 20 years under the umbrella of the Butler County Community Resource Council, our local caring communities partnership. This coalition is made up many members of the community who share the passion to help empower youth to remain drug free. Our coalition is made up of school personnel, parents, counselors, businesses, law enforcement, and most importantly youth. You can learn more about the members of the coalition and how to become involved from our website. Our coalition has received funding form the Missouri Department of Mental Health to do this prevention work specifically in Butler County. The Coalition has engaged in numerous activities such as media campaigns, prevention programming in schools, parent workshops, and community education.

 

Our Hope

It is our hope that this website will become a resource to educate parents, families, and community members on the best practices to prevent youth substance use. The We Can Be Drug Free website is full of community resources, research-based articles on substances and youth substance use, opportunities to get involved, and information on the current events of the coalition. The goal of our blog is specific. We would like to educate people on the basic science of prevention and give parents, caregivers, and community members simple and practical ways to help prevent youth substance use.